LouisLan的学习简记 👋🏼

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/spiral-matrix/ 题目描述 Given a matrix of m x n elements ( m rows, n columns), return all elements of the matrix in spiral order. Example 1: Input: [ [ 1, 2, 3 ], [ 4, 5, 6 ], [ 7, 8, 9 ] ] Output: [1,2,3,6,9,8,7,4,5] Example 2: Input: [ [1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9,10,11,12] ] Output: [1,2,3,4,8,12,11,10,9,5,6,7] 思路 这道题让我们搓一个螺旋丸，将一个矩阵按照螺旋顺序打印出来，只能一条边一条边的打印，首先要从给定的 mxn 的矩阵中算出按螺旋顺序有几个环，注意最中间的环可以是一个数字，也可以是一行或者一列。环数的计算公式是 min(m, n) / 2，知道了环数，就可以对每个环的边按顺序打印，比如对于题目中....

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/maximum-subarray/ 题目描述 Given an integer array nums, find the contiguous subarray (containing at least one number) which has the largest sum and return its sum. Example: Input: [-2,1,-3,4,-1,2,1,-5,4], Output: 6 Explanation: [4,-1,2,1] has the largest sum = 6. Follow up: If you have figured out the O( n ) solution, try coding another solution using the divide and conquer approach, which is more subtle. 思路 这道题让求最大子数组之和，并且要用两种方法来解，分别是 O(n) 的解法，还有用分治法 Divide and C....

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/n-queens-ii/ 题目描述 The n -queens puzzle is the problem of placing n queens on an n × n chessboard such that no two queens attack each other. Given an integer n , return the number of distinct solutions to the n -queens puzzle. Example: Input: 4 Output: 2 Explanation: There are two distinct solutions to the 4-queens puzzle as shown below. [ [".Q..", // Solution 1 "...Q", "Q...", "..Q."], ["..Q.", // Solution 2 "Q...", "...Q", ".Q.."] ] 思路 这道题是之前那道 N-Queens 的延伸，....

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/n-queens/ 题目描述 The n -queens puzzle is the problem of placing n queens on an n × n chessboard such that no two queens attack each other. Given an integer n , return all distinct solutions to the n -queens puzzle. Each solution contains a distinct board configuration of the n -queens' placement, where 'Q' and '.' both indicate a queen and an empty space respectively. Example: Input: 4 Output: [ [".Q..", // Solution 1 "...Q", "Q...", "..Q."], ["..Q.", // Solutio....

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/powx-n/ 题目描述 Implement pow( x , n ), which calculates x raised to the power n (xn). Example 1: Input: 2.00000, 10 Output: 1024.00000 Example 2: Input: 2.10000, 3 Output: 9.26100 Example 3: Input: 2.00000, -2 Output: 0.25000 Explanation: 2-2 = 1/22 = 1/4 = 0.25 Note: -100.0 < x < 100.0 n is a 32-bit signed integer, within the range [−2^31, 2^31 − 1] 思路 这道题让我们求 x 的 n 次方，如果只是简单的用个 for 循环让 x 乘以自己 n 次的话，未免也把 LeetCode 上的题想的太简单了，一句话形容图样图森破啊。OJ 因超时无法通过，所以需要优....

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/group-anagrams/ 题目描述 Given an array of strings, group anagrams together. Example: Input: ["eat", "tea", "tan", "ate", "nat", "bat"], Output: [ ["ate","eat","tea"], ["nat","tan"], ["bat"] ] Note: All inputs will be in lowercase. The order of your output does not matter. 思路 这道题让我们群组给定字符串集中所有的错位词，所谓的错位词就是两个字符串中字母出现的次数都一样，只是位置不同，比如 abc，bac, cba 等它们就互为错位词，那么如何判断两者是否是错位词呢，可以发现如果把错位词的字符顺序重新排列，那么会得到相同的结果，所以重新排序是判断是否互为错位词的方法，由于错位词重新排序后都会得到相同的字符串，以此作为 key，将所有错位词都保存到字符....

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/rotate-image/ 题目描述 You are given an n x n 2D matrix representing an image. Rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise). Note: You have to rotate the image in-place, which means you have to modify the input 2D matrix directly. DO NOT allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation. Example 1: Given input matrix = [ [1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9] ], rotate the input matrix in-place such that it becomes: [ [7,4,1], [8,5,2], [9,6,3] ] Example 2: Given input matrix = [ [ ....

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/permutations-ii/ 题目描述 Given a collection of numbers that might contain duplicates, return all possible unique permutations. Example: Input: [1,1,2] Output: [ [1,1,2], [1,2,1], [2,1,1] ] 思路 这道题是之前那道 Permutations 的延伸，由于输入数组有可能出现重复数字，如果按照之前的算法运算，会有重复排列产生，我们要避免重复的产生，在递归函数中要判断前面一个数和当前的数是否相等，如果相等，且其对应的 visited 中的值为 1，当前的数字才能使用（下文中会解释这样做的原因），否则需要跳过，这样就不会产生重复排列了，代码如下： 解法一： class Solution { public: vector<vector<int>> permuteUnique(vector<int>& nu....

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/permutations/ 题目描述 Given a collection of distinct integers, return all possible permutations. Example: Input: [1,2,3] Output: [ [1,2,3], [1,3,2], [2,1,3], [2,3,1], [3,1,2], [3,2,1] ] 思路 这道题是求全排列问题，给的输入数组没有重复项，这跟之前的那道 Combinations 和类似，解法基本相同，但是不同点在于那道不同的数字顺序只算一种，是一道典型的组合题，而此题是求全排列问题，还是用递归 DFS 来求解。这里需要用到一个 visited 数组来标记某个数字是否访问过，然后在 DFS 递归函数从的循环应从头开始，而不是从 level 开始，这是和 Combinations 不同的地方，其余思路大体相同。这里再说下 level 吧，其本质是记录当前已经拼出的个数，一旦其达到了 nums 数组的长度，说明此时已经是一个全排列了，因为再加数....

题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/jump-game-ii/ 题目描述 Given an array of non-negative integers, you are initially positioned at the first index of the array. Each element in the array represents your maximum jump length at that position. Your goal is to reach the last index in the minimum number of jumps. Example: Input: [2,3,1,1,4] Output: 2 Explanation: The minimum number of jumps to reach the last index is 2. Jump 1 step from index 0 to 1, then 3 steps to the last index. Note: You can assume ....