daily leetcode - add-binary - !
题目地址
https://leetcode.com/problems/add-binary/
题目描述
Given two binary strings, return their sum (also a binary string).
The input strings are both non-empty and contains only characters 1
or 0
.
Example 1:
Input: a = "11", b = "1"
Output: "100"
Example 2:
Input: a = "1010", b = "1011"
Output: "10101"
思路
二进制数相加,并且保存在string中,要注意的是如何将string和int之间互相转换,并且每位相加时,会有进位的可能,会影响之后相加的结果。而且两个输入string的长度也可能会不同。这时我们需要新建一个string,它的长度是两条输入string中的较大的那个,并且把较短的那个输入string通过在开头加字符‘0’来补的较大的那个长度。这时候我们逐个从两个string的末尾开始取出字符,然后转为数字,想加,如果大于等于2,则标记进位标志carry,并且给新string加入一个字符‘0’。
关键点解析
代码
解法一:
class Solution {
public:
string addBinary(string a, string b) {
string res;
int na = a.size();
int nb = b.size();
int n = max(na, nb);
bool carry = false;
if (na > nb) {
for (int i = 0; i < na - nb; ++i) b.insert(b.begin(), '0');
}
else if (na < nb) {
for (int i = 0; i < nb - na; ++i) a.insert(a.begin(), '0');
}
for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
int tmp = 0;
if (carry) tmp = (a[i] - '0') + (b[i] - '0') + 1;
else tmp = (a[i] - '0') + (b[i] - '0');
if (tmp == 0) {
res.insert(res.begin(), '0');
carry = false;
}
else if (tmp == 1) {
res.insert(res.begin(), '1');
carry = false;
}
else if (tmp == 2) {
res.insert(res.begin(), '0');
carry = true;
}
else if (tmp == 3) {
res.insert(res.begin(), '1');
carry = true;
}
}
if (carry) res.insert(res.begin(), '1');
return res;
}
};
下面这种写法又巧妙又简洁,用了两个指针分别指向a和b的末尾,然后每次取出一个字符,转为数字,若无法取出字符则按0处理,然后定义进位carry,初始化为0,将三者加起来,对2取余即为当前位的数字,对2取商即为当前进位的值,记得最后还要判断下carry,如果为1的话,要在结果最前面加上一个1,参见代码如下:
解法二:
class Solution {
public:
string addBinary(string a, string b) {
string res = "";
int m = a.size() - 1, n = b.size() - 1, carry = 0;
while (m >= 0 || n >= 0) {
int p = m >= 0 ? a[m--] - '0' : 0;
int q = n >= 0 ? b[n--] - '0' : 0;
int sum = p + q + carry;
res = to_string(sum % 2) + res;
carry = sum / 2;
}
return carry == 1 ? "1" + res : res;
}
};
本文参考自:
https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/ &
https://github.com/azl397985856/leetcode